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1. Analog Surveillance

With the rise of digital technology, surveillance systems are generally divided into analog and digital types.

Analog systems are traditional surveillance setups where cameras capture video transmitted via coaxial cables to a Digital Video Recorder (DVR) for storage and playback. These systems have evolved from standard definition (SD) to higher resolution formats like AHD (Analog High Definition), TVI, and CVI. Some devices support 1080p or even 4K video, improving image clarity.

Ideal use case:

• Budget-friendly surveillance needs, such as small shops and residences

• Locations with existing coaxial cabling, like older buildings or sites upgrading legacy systems

To improve transmission distance, reduce interference, and simplify wiring, twisted pair transmission technology can be used to carry AHD signals over just 2-wire twisted cables. This method also offers protection against static, surges, and lightning. A single network cable can transmit video from up to 4 AHD cameras simultaneously, boosting transmission efficiency.

2. IP Surveilance Systems (Network-based Architecture)

Digital surveillance is based on Internet Protocol (IP) architecture. With advancements in networking, digital systems allow greater flexibility, such as integrating analog cameras via video servers and controlling input/output devices through software. For example, an electronic map can show the status of an emergency button, triggering alarms and activating onsite buzzers when pressed.

Core components:

• IP Cameras

• Network Switches (HUBs)

• Network Video Recorders (NVRs or X86 servers)

• Monitoring screens

This architecture supports remote monitoring, real-time video access, and integration of legacy analog equipment, enhancing system flexibility.

Ideal use cases:

• Enterprises and large-scale facilities requiring high-resolution video and multi-site monitoring

• Situations needing real-time video access via cloud or remote management

3. PoE Surveillance Systems (Power over Ethernet)

PoE technology allows data and power transmission over a single Ethernet cable, reducing the need for separate power installations.

Common PoE standards:

• IEEE 802.3af: Supplies 15.4W DC, delivering at least 12.95W after 100 meters

• IEEE 802.3at (PoE+): Supplies 30W DC, delivering at least 25.5W after 100 meters

Ideal use cases:

Surveillance environments that require simplified wiring to reduce installation costs

• Devices needing power over longer distances to expand camera deployment options

4. Smart Video Analytics Surveillance

Traditional monitoring relies on human operators, who may experience fatigue and miss critical events. Intelligent video surveillance technologies (IVS, IVA, AI VMS) use AI and image recognition to automatically detect anomalies and trigger alerts, significantly improving monitoring efficiency and safety.

Common smart video analytics features:

• Electronic fences (virtual zones or tripwires) that trigger alarms when crossed

• Detection of abandoned or missing objects

• Counting of people and vehicles entering or exiting areas

• Alerts for camera focus loss or obstruction

• Additional functions such as thermal detection, smoke/flame detection, and tailgating analysis

Ideal use cases:

High-security locations like airports, stadiums, traffic control, banks, campuses, and government facilities

• Intelligent management to reduce human monitoring workload and improve real-time response

5. Hybrid Surveillance Systems (Analog + AI Integration)

Hybrid systems combine analog, digital, and AI video analytics technologies, allowing legacy analog cameras to be upgraded to AI-enabled surveillance. With one-stop solutions such as AI VMS Server or AI VMS Mini, analog cameras can be integrated into IP architectures on-site.

Ideal use cases:

• Upgrading existing analog systems to AI capabilities, minimizing one-time costs and enabling gradual migration to IP and smart analytics

• Environments requiring integration of different surveillance technologies, maximizing flexibility and leveraging both old and new equipment advantages

• How to Choose the Right Surveillance System?

  With ever-evolving technology, selecting the right system depends on your environment and technical needs:

• For gradual upgrades, hybrid systems enable seamless integration of analog and IP cameras, lowering costs and enhancing flexibility.

• To improve security and reduce false alarms, AI-based video management systems provide real-time anomaly detection, boosting safety and easing monitoring burdens.

Limitations of Other Surveillance Systems

• PoE Systems: Simplify wiring but have limited power transmission distances (usually within 100 meters) and require compatible PoE switches or power sources, adding to equipment costs.

• AHD Analog Systems: Allow reuse of existing coaxial cables and reduce installation costs but offer limited resolution and image processing, lacking remote access and smart analytics—less suitable for high-precision needs.

Future Trends

The future of surveillance focuses on intelligence and flexibility, ensuring long-term system effectiveness and management efficiency. Consider scalability and smart capabilities to adapt to technological advancements and enhance security.

About Spark

Spark is dedicated to providing advanced surveillance technology solutions and one-stop services. Whether you’re new to security or a professional, we tailor solutions to meet your needs. For expert advice and technical support, contact us today!